Keartamen 2 (K2) - Preliminary Round 2


Moderator says: “I will read one test question for no points. This question is not necessarily reflective of the difficulty of the round or tournament. Topics in test questions may appear later in the tournament.”


0. Translate the following sentence from Latin to English: aut lībertātem teneāmus aut cum dignitāte moriāmur.

LET US EITHER HOLD LIBERTY / FREEDOM OR LET US DIE WITH DIGNITY [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Now translate this sentence to English: eīsdem permōtī rūmōribus portās clausērunt mūrōsque complēvērunt.

MOVED (THOROUGHLY) BY THE SAME RUMORS THEY CLOSED
THE GATES AND FILLED THE WALLS [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Now translate this sentence to English: Sed in cōnsiliō capiendō omnem Galliam respiciāmus, quam ad nostrum auxilium concitāvimus.

BUT IN MAKING A PLAN LET US LOOK BACK ON ALL GAUL,
WHOM WE HAVE STIRRED UP TO OUR AID [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]


Moderator says: “Subsequent questions will count for points. Good luck and have fun!”


1. What horse, who slept in a stall of marble under purple blankets, was fed on golden barley by the Julio-Claudian emperor who supposedly wanted to make him consul?

INCITATUS

B1: According to Suetonius, Caligula once marched his troops to what body of water and ordered them to collect seashells instead of crossing it?

ENGLISH CHANNEL // STRAIT(S) OF DOVER // PAS-DE-CALAIS [PROMPT ON “ATLANTIC (OCEAN)”]

B2: Caligula also ordered that a pontoon bridge be built on the Bay of Naples—stretching from what resort city to Puteoli—so that he could ride his horse across the water?

BAIAE / BAULI


2. Note to players: This question asks for a “type of verb form.” This means that it is looking for a general type of
verb form like “infinitive,” not a specific form of a verb like “amāre.” What type of verb form may appear as an ablative of specification in the alternate comparative and superlative forms of iūnior and senior—minor nātū and maior nātū—as well as in the phrase mīrābile vīsū?

(ABLATIVE) SUPINE

B1: What type of Latin infinitive comprises an accusative supine and an infinitive of eō?

FUTURE PASSIVE (INFINITIVE)

B2: Some believe that the “ablative supine” does not involve the ablative at all, but rather the dative, since both cases may have the ending -ū in the fourth declension. If this is true, what use of the dative case would a phrase like “mīrābile vīsū” represent?

(DATIVE OF) PURPOSE


3. Poems 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, and 11 of what author’s corpus—including ones describing how “bright suns once shone for you,” “a thousand kisses, then a hundred,” and the “sparrow, delight of my girl”—make up a “Lesbia cycle”?

(GAIUS VALERIUS) CATULLUS

B1: The pseudonym “Lesbia” shows how Catullus was influenced by what Greek poet, in imitation of whom he composed “ille mī pār esse deō vidētur” in Poem 51?

SAPPHO

B2: At the beginning of Poem 8, what Latin adjective does Catullus use of himself before he declares “Catulle, dēsinās ineptīre,” or “Catullus, may you cease to play the fool”?

MISER


4. Who, after overawing the Troad’s population of rodents and redirecting a Cretan ship while disguised as a dolphin, was worshipped under the names “Smintheus” and “Delphinius”?

APOLLO

B1: Apollo and Artemis had twin epithets—one of which survives as a modern female name—that referred to their birth on an Aegean island. Give either of these epithets.

DELIUS or DELIA // CYNTHIUS or CYNTHIA

B2: What epithet of Apollo says that he is a killer of wolves, a lord of light, or the protector of a region in southern Asia Minor, depending on one’s etymological interpretation?

LYC(E)IUS / LYK(E)IOS


5. Quod verbum Latīnum—quod saepe “cāsuī genetīvō” servit et quod eget “tempore praesentī, praeteritō imperfectō, futūrōque”—significat “memoriā tenēre”?

MEMINĪ / MEMINISSE

B1: Dīc mihi aliud verbum Latīnum quod eget tempore praesentī, praeteritō imperfectō, futūrōque.

COEPĪ / COEPISSE or ŌDĪ / ŌDISSE

B2: Quid Anglicē significant verba “maereō” et “feriō,” quae tantum tempus praesēns, praeteritum imperfectum, futūrumque habent?

I AM SAD / TO BE SAD and (I / TO) STRIKE / HIT [RESPECTIVELY]


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6. What imperial author, while describing the acquisition of facilitas, passes judgment on prior writers’ styles and declares “satura ... tōta nostra est” in the tenth book of his rhetoric manual, Īnstitūtiō Ōrātōria?

(MARCUS FABIUS) QUINTILIAN(US)

B1: Quintilian was hardly the first Roman to write about rhetoric. What “rhētor” wrote the work Ōrātōrum et Rhētorum Sententiae Dīvīsiōnēs Colōrēs?

(LUCIUS ANNAEUS) SENECA THE ELDER / MAIOR / RHĒTOR [PROMPT ON “SENECA”]

B2: What author gave the rhetorical precept “rem tenē, verba sequentur”?

(MARCUS PORCIUS) CATO (THE ELDER / CĒNSOR / MAIOR / CENSORIUS)


7. As it means “ruler” in Greek, what name was maybe invented to complete Thebes’ and Corinth’s royal genealogies but came to describe true characters, such as the son of Menoeceus who married his sister to the Sphinx’s conqueror?

CREON

B1: A similar genealogical phenomenon may have been at play with what name—also meaning “ruler”—which the mother of Ion and the daughter of one Creon shared?

CREUSA

B2: Similarly, scholars believe that at least two different names were invented to fill in the Athenian royal genealogy, as multiple kings appear with the same name. Give either name: one can refer to the father of Pandrosus and Herse, while the other can refer to the father of Procne and Philomela by Zeuxippe.

CECROPS (I/II) or PANDION (I/II)


8. What city’s surroundings were filled with cunīculī, or drainage tunnels, whose presence perhaps prompted the story that it was sacked via a tunnel at the end of a ten-year siege in 396 B.C.?

VEII

B1: In 479 or 477 B.C., Veian forces won a skirmish against Romans near what small river?

CREMERA (RIVER)

B2: After winning a cavalry duel, what Roman commander dedicated the breastplate of a Veian king in the Temple of Jupiter Feretrius in Rome?

(AULUS CORNELIUS) COSSUS


9. What gender are faucēs, fax, and fraus, as well as both nouns with the nominative frōns?

FEMININE

B1: What gender are the nouns secūris, mōlēs, and prōlēs?

FEMININE

B2: What gender are the names of the winds and most rivers?

MASCULINE


10. In literature, what occupation is shared by Lycidas and Moeris, Menalcas and Mopsus, and Tityrus and Meliboeus, all of whom appear in Vergil’s Eclogues near or with their flocks?

SHEPHERD(-POET) [PROMPT ON “POET” or “SINGER” WITH “GIVE THEIR FULL-TIME JOB.”]

B1: Which Eclogue includes no shepherds, focusing on Vergil’s Messianic expectations?

FOURTH / 4 / ECLOGUE 4

B2: In Eclogue 1, Tityrus and Meliboeus discuss what policy, cursed in the Appendix Vergiliāna’s Dīrae, that the Second Triumvirate pursued after the Battle of Philippi? A description of the policy is fine.

LAND CONFISCATION(S) // TAKING (FARM)LAND // LAND
REDISTRIBUTION (TO VETERANS) [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]


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11. Who was presented to a crowd with the declaration “ecce homō,” was known by the epithet “agnus deī,” and is represented by the abbreviation “I.N.R.I.”?

JESUS (CHRIST / OF NAZARETH) // CHRIST

B1: In the abbreviation “I.N.R.I.,” “I.N.” stands for Iēsus Nazarēnus, or “Jesus of Nazareth.” Give the Latin and English for the letters “R.I.” in that abbreviation.

RĒX IŪDAEŌRUM, KING OF (THE) JEWS / JUD(A)EANS

B2: The Vulgate—translating the Septuagint—says that Jesus uttered what three-word phrase when Mary Magdalene approached him after the Resurrection? This phrase became the common title for paintings depicting the scene.

NŌLĪ MĒ TANGERE


12. A single tomb at Argos housed what mythological couple—the parents of Abas—after the husband outlived his 49 brothers, who were killed on their wedding-nights by the Danaids?

LYNCEUS and HYPERM(N)ESTRA

B1: Lynceus and the Danaids came from what region, as the name of Lynceus’ father shows?

EGYPT

B2: By using his trident, Poseidon created a spring at Lerna for what other Danaid after he scared away a lecherous satyr and raped her?

AMYMONE


13. What praenōmen—which the Senate temporarily barred for use by the gēns Antōnia and which featured four times in Cicero’s full name, including as his praenōmen—was abbreviated “M.”?(“"M-Period"”)

MARCUS

B1: Since Cicero himself had only one praenōmen, how would “Marcus” feature three other times in his full name? A description is fine.

THE PRAENŌMINA OF HIS (THREE CLOSEST) ANCESTORS or GREAT-GRANDFATHER [PROAVUS], GRANDFATHER [AVUS], and FATHER [PATER] WERE “MARCUS” [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Using only one word, say in Latin: “Marcus’ slave.”

MĀRCIPOR


14. What derivative of the Latin nouns for “joke” and “part” refers to both “danger of loss or harm” and a popular TV quiz-show that was hosted for 37 years by Alex Trebek?

JEOPARDY / JEOPARDY!

B1: The name of what device appropriately derives from a combination of the verbs parō and cadō?

PARACHUTE

B2: The name of what occupation derives from the verbs caleō and faciō?

CHAUFFEUR / CHAUFFEUSE


15. After he was trapped between the Cassian Way and the Tiber, who saw that his enemies’ shields bore a “Chi-Rho”(“"KAI-ROW"”) symbol, supposedly adopted after a cross with the words “in this sign, conquer” appeared to their general, Constantine?

(MARCUS AURELIUS VALERIUS) MAXENTIUS

B1: Maxentius married Valeria Maximilla, the daughter of what man, who issued the Edict of Toleration in 311 A.D. after becoming eastern Augustus when Diocletian abdicated?

(GAIUS) GALERIUS (VALERIUS MAXIMIANUS)

B2: What alternate, colorful name is sometimes given to the Battle of Milvian Bridge, since the majority of the battle probably took place some distance from the pōns Milvius?

(BATTLE OF) SAXA RUBRA / RED ROCKS


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16. What celestial body either emerged when Phaëthon scarred the skies with his father’s chariot or when Hera tore a nursing hero from her breast, releasing a namesake liquid?

(THE) MILKY WAY

B1: Another version replaces Heracles with what god, who may have created the constellation Aquila by catasterizing the eagle which stole Aphrodite’s slipper for him?

HERMES

B2: In another story, the Milky Way was formed when what Roman goddess nursed a swaddled stone at her breast, then attempted to feed the stone to her husband?

OPS [DO NOT ACCEPT OR PROMPT ON “RHEA”]


17. Translate the following Vergilian sentence about the bard Iopas into English: Iōpās canit errantem lunam sōlisque labōrēs.

IOPAS SINGS (OF) THE WANDERING MOON AND THE LABORS OF THE SUN [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Now translate this adapted Vergilian sentence about Iopas into English: Canit … unde hominum genus et pecudēs sint; unde imber et ignēs sint.

HE SINGS (OF) WHERE HERDS AND THE RACE / KIND OF MEN / HUMANS ARE FROM;
HE SINGS (OF) WHERE RAIN AND FIRE(S) ARE FROM [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Now translate this Vergilian sentence about Iopas into English: Canit … [quid] Ōceanō properent sē tingere sōlēs hībernī.

HE SINGS (OF) WHY WINTER SUNS HASTEN / RUSH TO DIP THEMSELVES
IN OCEANUS / THE OCEAN / THE SEA [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]


18. According to Livy, the original number of what non-senatorial officials came from either the number of Etruscan states or the number of vultures seen by Romulus, who chose 12 of them to carry the bound wooden rods called fascēs?

LICTOR(S) / LĪCTOR(ĒS)

B1: Livy also says that when Romulus chose 100 men to be senators, he called them by what specific Latin name?

PATER / PATRĒS

B2: Livy also says Romulus kept 300 men as a bodyguard under what collective name, which most Romans assumed derived from their speed in executing orders?

CELERĒS


19. What author declared “quidquid agunt hominēs” to be his “farrāgō” shortly after proclaiming “difficile est saturam nōn scrībere” in the first of his satires?

(DECIMUS JUNIUS) JUVENAL(IS)

B1: What emperor, who calls a council in Satire 4 over a giant turbot-fish, may have banished Juvenal to Egypt?

DOMITIAN(US)

B2: Which of Juvenal’s Satires—which directly precedes an incomplete one detailing the advantages of military life—recounts an episode of cannibalism in Egypt?

SATIRE 15


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20. What meaning is shared by the verbs niteō, fulgeō, and lūceō?

(TO / I) SHINE / GLITTER / GLISTEN / FLASH / BE LIGHT [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Excluding compounds of those verbs, give another 2nd-conjugation verb meaning “to be bright” or “to glisten.”

SPLENDEŌ / SPLENDĒRE // ARDEŌ / ARDĒRE // CANDEŌ / CANDĒRE // FERVEŌ / FERVĒRE

B2: What 1st-conjugation verb with irregular third principal part may mean “to gleam,” mainly when referring to light?

(Ē)MICŌ / (Ē)MICĀRE


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[SOURCES]

0 TU: Cf. Cic. Phil. 3.36; B1: Cf. Caes. B Gall. 3.81; B2: Cf. Caes. B Gall. 7.77.

1 TU, B1, and B2: Scarre, pp. 38-39.

2 TU: A&G §131c, §159b; B1: Ibid. §193; B2: Ibid. §508

3 TU: OCD, “Catullus, Gaius Valerius” and Conte, p. 146, p. 145; B1: Conte, p. 147 and Hadas, p. 81 (though English, not Latin, is given); B2: Conte, p. 146. 

4 TU: Tripp, p. 66, p. 62; B1: Ibid. p. 192; B2: Ibid. p. 65

5 TU and B1: A&G §205; B2: A&G §206.

6 TU: Conte, p. 547; B1: Hadas, p. 151; B2: Conte, p. 214.

7 TU: OCD, “Creon”; B1: OCD, “Creusa”; B2: Tripp, p. 153, Tripp pp. 444-445.

8 TU: C&S, p. 589; B1: OCD, “Cremera”; B2: C&S, pp. 71-72.

10 TU: Hadas, p. 146 and Conte, p. 265; B1: Conte, p. 265, p. 431; B2: Conte, p. 265.

11 TU and B1: Ehrlich, pp. 113-114, pp. 34-35, p. 148; B2: Ehrlich, p. 197.

12 TU: Tripp, p. 311, pp. 188-189. B1: Ibid. pp. 188-189; B2: Ibid. pp. 47-48.

13 TU: Johnston §42, §39, §41; B1: Ibid.; B2: Johnston §59.

14 TU: Schaeffer, p. 22, p. 31; B1: Ibid. p. 31, p. 10; Ibid. p. 10, p. 16.

15 TU: C&S, p. 523; B1: Heichelheim, p. 411, p. 422; B2: C&S, p. 523 and elsewhere.

16 TU: Tripp, p. 470, p. 379; B1: Ibid. p. 379, pp. 67-68; B2: Tripp, p. 379 has “Rhea” but Hyg. Poet. Astr. 2.43, his cited source, has “Ops.”

17 TU: Cf. Verg. Aen. 1.742; B1: Ibid. 1.742-1.743; B2: Ibid. 1.742-746.

18 TU and B1: Liv. 1.8; B2: Liv. 1.15.

19 TU: Hadas, p. 283 and Conte, p. 474; B1: Conte, p. 475 and Hadas, p. 282; B2: Conte, p. 475.

20 TU: Gonzalez Lodge, p. 113, p. 76, p. 102; B1: Ibid. 163; B2: Ibid. 107.