Keartamen 2, Semifinals

Keartamen 2 (K2) - Semifinals

Moderator says: “Remember that this is the first of three asynchronous semifinals. Any deliberate or accidental leaking of semifinals questions will result in your immediate disqualification from the tournament, as well as a ban from participating in future events.”

Moderator says: “I will read one test question for no points. This question is not necessarily reflective of the difficulty of the round or tournament. Topics in test questions may appear later in the tournament.”

0. In 382 A.D., after Gratian rejected paganism by seizing the funds of the priestly colleges and renouncing the title of pontifex maximus, he also ordered what structure to be removed from the senate-house, causing Symmachus to go wild?

ALTAR OF VICTORY // ĀRA VICTŌRIAE

B1: What altar, voted by the Senate to commemorate an emperor’s return from Gaul and Spain, stood in the Campus Mārtius?

ALTAR OF PEACE // ĀRA PĀCIS (AUGUSTAE)

B2: What altar to Hercules, supposedly established in the time of Evander to be tended by the Potītiī and Pīnāriī, stood in the Forum Boārium?

(HERCULIS INVICTĪ) ĀRA MAXIMA

Moderator says: “Subsequent questions will count for points. Good luck and have fun!”

1. Killed from behind while trying to adjudicate between two quarelling shepherds, what taker of Corniculum and Apiolae became king of Rome long after Corinth ousted his disloyal father, Demaratus?

TARQUINIUS PRISCUS

B1: Once during Priscus’ reign, the augur Attus Navius questioned the king’s plan to add more cavalry to his army. Priscus then mocked Navius’ skill, causing the augur to conduct what action to prove his validity as a diviner? A description is fine.

CUT (THROUGH) A (WHET)STONE WITH A RAZOR [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: After defeating and making peace with the Sabines, Priscus appointed his nephew Egerius to hold what ceded city, where Lucretia was raped by Sextus Tarquinius a few generations later?

COLLATIA

2. What speech’s publication prompted the defendant to quip that “he would not now be enjoying such mullets in [exile at] Massilia” if Cicero had delivered it when the courtroom was packed with partisans of Clodius?

(CICERO’S) PRŌ MILŌNE

B1: What Ciceronian speech, delivered one year after his consulship, defends the citizenship of a man from Antioch?

PRŌ ARCHĪĀ (POĒTĀ)

B2: What late Ciceronian speech, one of the “Caesarian speeches” along with Prō Mārcellō and Prō Rēge Dēiotarō, seeks pardon for a Pompeian who would become a conspirator in the assassination of Caesar two years after its delivery?

PRŌ LIGĀRIŌ

3. What type of real-life animal appears in both the Latin equivalent of the idiom “between a rock and a hard place” and a Plautine phrase referring to “man’s inhumanity to man”?

WOLF / WOLVES / LUPUS / LUPĪ

B1: Translate into English the proverb “lupus pilum mūtat, nōn mentem,” keeping in mind that “pilus” is here roughly equivalent to “vellus” or “corium.”

{THE / A} WOLF CHANGES ITS {COAT / PELT / HAIR / SKIN},
NOT ITS {MIND / CHARACTER} [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: What Latin proverb involving a lupus, attested in Terence’s Phormiō, means “I am in desperate trouble” or “I am in an untenable situation”?

AURIBUS {TENEŌ / TENĒRE} LUPUM [ACCEPT WORDS IN ANY ORDER]

4. Name the activity described in the following three clues: the followers of Pelops brought a type of this activity, the cordax, to Greece; after a visit by Theseus, the inhabitants of Delos performed a form of this activity under the name “crane”; a daughter of Erechtheus was performing this activity when Boreas took her from the banks of the Ilissus.

DANCE / DANCING

B1: What mythological object was inlaid by Hephaestus with a stunning scene of young men and women dancing, as well as a city at peace contrasted with a city at war?

SHIELD OF ACHILLES // ACHILLES’ SHIELD

B2: Young girls dressed themselves as what type of animal to perform a cult dance in a festival at Brauron that honored the goddess Artemis?

BEAR(S)

5. Of the words septentriōnēs, tabernāculum, coniūrātiō, līmus, and guttur, which is being described in the following sentence: “hīc potest haerēre afflātus nec ēvādere faucibus.”

GUTTUR

B1: Of the words septentriōnēs, tabernāculum, coniūrātiō, līmus, and supplicium, which is being described in this sentence: “hīc incolunt decem contubernālēs aut, secundum Biblia Vulgāta, arca testāmentī Deī.”

TABERNĀCULUM

B2: Of the words septentriōnēs, coniūrātiō, līmus, supplicium, and pūbēs, which is being described in this sentence: “hīc in morte incolunt ursa minor et Cēpheus et Cassiopēia et aliī.”

SEPTENTRIŌNĒS

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6. What man’s nose, ears, hands, and feet are cruelly chopped off after he escapes the slaughter in Odysseus’ banquet-hall to fetch weapons for the suitors and is caught by his fellow herders, Eumaeüs and Philoetius?

MELANTHIUS / MELANTHEUS

B1: Melanthius’ death is like that threatened upon what man, whom the suitors say they will send to king Echetus on the mainland, in Book 18 of the Odyssey?

IRUS / ARNAEÜS

B2: Just after the disguised Odysseus defeats Irus at boxing, he receives a cup of wine from what suitor, the son of Nisus of Dulichium, and warns him that Odysseus will soon arrive to Ithaca to exact revenge?

AMPHINOMUS

7. What is the meaning of the verb amāturiō, which is a desiderative that derives from amō?

(TO / I) WISH / WANT / DESIRE TO LOVE

B1: Give a possible meaning of nīxuriō, a desiderative derived from a deponent with 3^rd principal part nīsus or nīxus.

(TO / I) WISH / WANT / DESIRE TO LEAN / REST UPON or (TO / I) WISH / WANT / DESIRE TO STRIVE [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Now, using your knowledge of history, translate into English this sentence from Cicero’s Epistulae ad Atticum: “ita sullāturit animus eius et prōscrīpturit iam diū.”

{THUS / SO}, FOR A LONG TIME NOW, HIS MIND {WANTS / HAS WANTED} TO PLAY THE
PART OF SULLA AND {WANTS / HAS WANTED} TO PROSCRIBE [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

8. The architects Severus and Celer designed a domed octagonal hall—said to rotate in imitation of the night sky—within what complex, which replaced the Domus Trānsitōria when it burned down during the Great Fire of Rome?

(NERO’S) DOMUS AUREA // (NERO’S) GOLDEN HOUSE

B1: Just to the northwest of the Domus Aurea on the Esquiline were the Augustan-era gardens established by what man, who incorporated the puticulī that had long rotted there?

(GAIUS CILNIUS) MAECENAS

B2: Within the Domus Aurea, Nero altered the eastern wall of the Temple of Claudius to create a massive example of what kind of structure, which originated as grottoes honoring the deities of springs? The specific term is required.

NYMPHAEUM / NYMPHAION [PROMPT ON “FOUNTAIN”]

9. What man served as Lucilius’ commander during the author’s middle age, fictionally received a dream that spawned a Neoplatonic commentary by Macrobius, and led a literary circle whose members included Polybius and Terence?

(PUBLIUS CORNELIUS) SCIPIO (AFRICANUS) AEMILIANUS [PROMPT ON “SCIPIO”]

B1: What Greek philosopher, the Stoic author of On Duties, was brought to Rome by Scipio Aemilianus?

PANAETIUS (OF RHODES)

B2: Name Macrobius’ son, to whom he dedicated the Sāturnālia and his commentary on the Somnium Scīpiōnis.

EUSTATHIUS / EUSTACHIUS

10. During what conflict did a Roman commander afflicted by a thigh wound cede command to Valerius Falto, another Roman commander deliver a speech urging that war be continued before voluntarily returning to captivity, and Roman sailors practice rowing on benches on dry land while the Republic’s first navy was being built?

FIRST PUNIC (WAR)

B1: During what revolt, which is also called the “Mercenary War,” did Carthaginian forces led by Hamilcar Barca fight against his former hirelings?

TRUCELESS WAR

B2: After landing near Aspis, what city did Marcus Atilius Regulus successfully besiege in 256 and 255 B.C. before sacking Tunis and fighting the Battle of the Bagradas River?

ADYS

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11. What use of the subjunctive is found in Ennius’ lines “omnibus cūra virīs uter esset induperātor” and “certābant urbem Rōmam Remoramne vocārent”?

INDIRECT QUESTION

B1: Soon after these lines, Ennius poetically uses what Latin word in the singular with a meaning more standardly found in the plural, because it “ēmittit pictīs ē faucibus currūs”?

CARCER / CARCERIS / CARCERĒS

B2: [Note to Moderator: Please read the first paragraph and then use the bot to paste the bonus]. Much after, Ennius provides a famous passage about the felling of a sacred stand of trees. The following visual depicts that passage, from which the names of five trees have been removed. Using your knowledge of meter and Ennian sound effects, determine which of pīnus, abiēs, fraxinus, quercus, and īlex fits in each blank. You need not decline the nouns, though some may be in oblique cases or the plural; you have one minute from the visual’s pasting.

Trees: pīnus, abiēs, fraxinus, quercus, īlex.

Incedunt arbusta per alta, securibus caedunt.
Percellunt magnas ①, exciditur ②,
③ frangitur atque ④ consternitur alta,
⑤ proceras pervortunt; omne sonabat
arbustum fremitu silvai frondosai.

(1) = QUERCUS / QUERCŪS; (2) = ĪLEX; (3) = FRAXINUS; (4) = ABIĒS; (5) = PĪNUS / PĪNŪS

12. What author declared “ūsī sumus ōrdine rērum fortuitō” to explain the arbitrary sequence of his work, which includes the folktale of “Androcles and the Lion” among the notes taken over a series of winter evenings?

(AULUS) GELLIUS

B1: Gellius’ Attic Nights provides many excerpts of classical works that have otherwise been lost. For example, Book 2 contains a comparison between what comedy, the best-known work of an Insubrian Gaul from Milan, and its Menandrian original?

(CAECILIUS STATIUS’) PLOCIUM

B2: Similarly, the largest fragment of what annalist, who acted as a source for Livy and whose history of at least 23 books opened in 390 B.C., is found in Book 9 of the Attic Nights?

(QUINTUS CLAUDIUS) QUADRIGARIUS

13. What man, who in one story had a contrasting brother named Dicaeus and an amorous daughter named Xenodice, inhabited Aulis or Lydia before his vineyard was uprooted and he was killed with his own hoe by Heracles?

SYLEUS

B1: Heracles killed Syleus while in the service of Omphale. While serving Omphale, Heracles also killed a giant snake by the river Sagaris, causing him to be honored in what constellation, whose name means “snake-holder”?

OPHIUCHUS

B2: While serving Omphale, Heracles also killed what Phrygian brigand, whose custom was to force passersby to compete in reaping and behead with his scythe those who lost?

LITYERSES

14. As the name for the Vietnamese dish pho(“"FUH"”) perhaps derives from the French word feu, meaning “fire,” it may ultimately derive from what Latin noun, which has the fire-related derivatives “fusillade,” “fuel,” and “foyer”?

FOCUS (MEANING “HEARTH”)

B1: The name of what Italian bread, flat and somewhat similar in consistency to pizza dough, also derives from focus?

FOCACCIA (BREAD)

B2: What Latin verb, with what meaning, lies at the root of “curfew” together with focus?

OPERIŌ / OPERĪRE, (TO / I) COVER

15. What word appears in the ancient names for Augsburg, Mérida, and Trier, honoring the emperor during whose reign the cities were founded?

AUGUSTA

B1: What Spanish city partly retains the sound of its Roman name, “Caesaraugusta”?

ZARAGOZA / SARAGOSSA

B2: What Italian city was known to the Romans as “Augusta Taurīnōrum”?

TURIN / TORINO

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16. What sort of occasion is described in the first two books of a Carthaginian lawyer’s nine-book encyclopedia, which focuses on Philology and Mercury, and in Catullus 61, which honors Lucius Manlius Torquatus and Vinia Aurunculeia in an epithalamium?

MARRIAGE / WEDDING / NUPTIALS [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Marriage is a recurring theme throughout Catullus 61-68. What is the two-word Latin collective name for these poems?

CARMINA DOCTA

B2: In the 4^th century, Ausonius sewed together lines of Vergil to create a wedding-poem in what form?

CENTŌ // CENTŌ (NŪPTIĀLIS)

17. What pair of brothers, one of whom settled in the mountain-ringed Carian Chersonese and the other of whom had his bones taken to Gerenia by Nestor, tended to Philoctetes’ wound as sons of Asclepius and the physicians of the Greek forces?

MACHAON and PODAL(E)IRIUS

B1: After the Trojan War, Podaleirius traveled to Colophon with which Greek, who died there soon after hearing that nine male pigs would be born the next day at the sixth hour?

CALCHAS

B2: After visiting Colophon, Podaleirius asked the Delphic oracle where he should settle and received what response, leading him to colonize the mountain-ringed Carian Chersonese? A description of the response is fine.

(HE SHOULD SETTLE) WHERE HE WOULD NOT BE HARMED IF THE SKY FELL or
WHERE THE SKY COULD NOT FALL ON HIM [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

18. Using a future imperative, say in Latin: “Let the censors guard the morals of the republic!”

CĒNSŌRĒS MŌRĒS REĪ PŪBLICAE CŪSTŌDIUNTŌ [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Using a future imperative, say in Latin: “Henceforth, let lovers never be deceived by lovers!”

{POSTHĀC / (AB)HINC / PROINDE} {AMANTĒS / AMĀTŌRĒS} NUMQUAM
AB {AMANTIBUS / AMĀTŌRIBUS} FALLUNTOR [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Using a future imperative, say in Latin: “Farmer, when the west wind blows, do not bind vines!”

{AGRICOLA / COLŌNE}, {ZEPHYRŌ FLANTE // CUM ZEPHYRUS FLAT / FLĀBIT},
NĒ {VĪTĒS / VĪNEĀS} {LIGĀTŌ / SERITŌ} [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

19. Facing revolts from Pacatianus in Moesia, Iotapianus in the east, and the Carpi in Dacia, what emperor sent Decius to pacify the Danube, only for Decius to revolt and beat him at Verona in 249 A.D.?

PHILIP THE ARAB

B1: What Gothic king later led the forces which killed Decius at a battle on boggy ground in the Balkans?

CNIVA / KNIVA

B2: Which son of Decius, a young man who had become Caesar in 250 A.D., was killed alongside his father at the Battle of Abrittus?

(QUINTUS) HERENNIUS ETRUSCUS (MESSIUS DECIUS)

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20. What Latin adjective forms a superlative that Cicero criticized as “non-Latin,” lies at the ultimate root of “pittance” and “pity,” and is used constantly by Vergil to describe Aeneas’ sense of duty?

PIUS

B1: Despite Cicero’s condemnation of “piissimus” as “verbum omnīnō nūllum in linguā Latīnā,” the form proliferates in Classical Latin. However, two other forms for the superlative of pius appear: give both.

MAXIMĒ PIUS and PIENTISSIMUS

B2: Translate this sentence, adapted from Tacitus’ Agricola, into English: “tradunt lectō testāmentō Agricolae, quō cohērēdem piissimae fīliae Domitiānum scrīpsit, laetātum eum.”

THEY RELATE THAT, WITH AGRICOLA’S WILL HAVING BEEN READ, BY WHICH HE NAMED DOMITIAN CO-HEIR WITH HIS MOST PIOUS DAUGHTER, {HE / DOMITIAN} WAS HAPPY [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

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