Keartamen 3 (K3) - Preliminary Round 1



Moderator says: “I will read one test question for no points. This question is not reflective of the content of the round or tournament.


0. Test questions this year will contain no classical content but will instead be music-themed! Along these lines, what group’s album covers include one that features its members standing with cardboard cutouts of famous historical figures, one that is entirely white save for the group’s name, and one that features its members walking across Abbey Road?

(THE) BEATLES

B1: In the album cover for “Abbey Road,” what drummer of the Beatles is second in crossing?

RINGO (STARR) // (RINGO) STARR

B2: What album with a six-word title features the Beatles standing with those cardboard cutouts of famous historical figures?

SGT. PEPPER’S LONELY HEARTS CLUB BAND


Moderator says: “Subsequent questions will count for points. Good luck and have fun!”


1. Quae persōna cinematographica, quae saepe poscit ut tabernārius “pōtiōnem agitet, nōn misceat,” nōmen suum ēdit cognōmine prīmum dictō, deinde praenōmine et iterum cognōmine, aut cum numerīs “nihilō, nihilō, septem”?

JAMES BOND [PROMPT ON “BOND”]

B1: Bond’s family motto, orbis non sufficit, derives from the writings of what poet, who described a “cacoēthēs scrībendī” and coined the phrase “rara avis”?

(DECIMUS JUNIUS) JUVENAL(IS)

B2: Now translate these two lines from Juvenal’s Satires, the origin of the motto. Know that “Pellaeō” means “from Pella,” referring to Alexander the Great: “ūnus Pellaeō iuvenī nōn sufficit orbis, / aestuat īnfēlīx angustō līmite mundī.”

{ONE WORLD / EARTH / CIRCLE // THE WORLD / EARTH / CIRCLE ALONE} {DOES NOT SUFFICE // IS NOT ENOUGH} FOR THE YOUTH {FROM PELLA // PELLAEAN}, {UNHAPPY / MISERABLE} HE {BURNS / BILLOWS / SEETHES} AT THE NARROW LIMIT OF {THE / HIS} WORLD [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]


2. What river, along which Roman generals warred with a ruler known by the title “Candace,” (“"can-DAH-kay"”) was the site of Hadrian’s city of Antinoöpolis, named for his drowned lover Antinoüs, and the death of Ptolemy XIII?

NILE (RIVER)

B1: After Ptolemy XIII’s death in 47 B.C., control over Egypt and the Nile passed to Ptolemy XIV and what co-ruler of his, the last pharaoh with any real power?

CLEOPATRA (VII PHILOPATOR)

B2: Name either of the two prefects of Egypt that, during the reign of Augustus, campaigned along the Nile against the Nubians, whose ruler had the title “Candace.”

(GAIUS) CORNELIUS GALLUS or (GAIUS / PUBLIUS) PETRONIUS [PROMPT ON “GALLUS”]


3. What mythological infant had his grandfather’s lifelong anger channeled into him after being given a name meaning “hated one” and later attended a boar-hunt where he received the scar that enabled his identification on Ithaca?

ODYSSEUS

B1: Name Odysseus’ grandfather — a trickster able to change the shape of anything he stole — who gave him that name and hosted him for that boar-hunt on Mt. Parnassus.

AUTOLYCUS

B2: In the Iliad, Odysseus receives a helmet from Meriones that his grandfather Autolycus had long before stolen from the house of what man, the father of Phoenix?

AMYNTOR


4. What work was published as a “pentad” in its earliest iteration — though later additions were likely serialized as groups of ten books called “decades” — and detailed such events as the death of Drusus, the Second Punic War, and Rome’s founding?

(LIVY’S) AB URBE CONDITĀ

B1: Assuming that Books 1-10 of the 142 books of Ab Urbe Conditā comprise its first “decade,” give the number of one of the other two decades which fully survives.

THIRD / FOURTH (DECADE) // (DECADE) 3 / 4

B2: During the 16th century, what Italian wrote Discourses on the First Decade of Livy — his second most famous work — in an attempt to draw political lessons, including the superiority of a republic, from the events of early Roman history?

(NICCOLO DI BERNARDO DEI) MACHIAVELLI


5. Of the words “cauldron,” “callous,” “scald,” and “chowder,” which does not derive from the Latin verb caleō, because it has nothing to do with getting or being warm?

CALLOUS

B1: What derivative of the verb caleō — coming via French — means “cool,” “unconcerned,” or “appearing casually calm and relaxed; not displaying anxiety”?

NONCHALANT

B2: What occupation derives its name from the verbs caleō and faciō?

CHAUFFEUR / CHAUFFEUSE


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6. What class of words, which includes the nickname Seneciō, can be used to indicate affection or pity for something or someone, as in dēliciolae or muliercula?

DIMINUTIVE(S) // DIMINUTIVE (NOUNS) [PROMPT ON “NOUNS”]

B1: Give the diminutive of the Latin adjective pulcher, which forms identically to many nouns or adjectives that terminate in -er.

PULCHELLUS

B2: Give the diminutive of the Latin noun iūs, meaning “stew,” which forms identically to other third declension neuter nouns, such as mūnus.

IŪSCULUM


7. Note to players: A description is acceptable. What object was buried on Drepane — giving the island its name — after helping produce both the nymphs of the ash trees and the Giants when it was used to spill a castrated Titan’s blood?

{CRONUS’ / GAIA’S} {SICKLE / SCYTHE} // THE {SICKLE / SCYTHE} (GIVEN TO CRONUS BY GAIA THAT CRONUS) USED TO CASTRATE URANUS [PROMPT ON “SICKLE” BY ASKING “WHOSE SICKLE WAS IT?”; ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: According to Apollonius, what autochthonous tribe may also have been born from Uranus’ blood and inhabited Drepane under Nausithoüs, though Homer gives a very different account in the Odyssey?

PHAEACIAN(S) / SCHERIAN(S)

B2: According to Apollonius, Drepane’s name may also derive from the sickle that Demeter used to teach the Titans to sow corn there. She did this out of love for what resident of the island, the nurse of Dionysus and daughter of Aristaeüs?

MACRIS


8. What people, whose last known ruler was Genthius, were betrayed when Corcyra was given to Rome by Demetrius of Pharos, leading to the swift defeat of their pirates and their queen, Teuta?

ILLYRIAN(S) / ARDIAEI

B1: Demetrius of Pharos subsequently betrayed the Romans and was forced to flee to the court of what nearby ruler?

PHILIP V (OF MACEDON) [PROMPT ON “PHILIP”]

B2: In his unsuccessful war against Rome, Demetrius had obtained help from what other Macedonian king, Philip’s predecessor?

ANTIGONUS (III) DOSON // ANTIGONUS III (DOSON) [PROMPT ON “ANTIGONUS”]


9. What author’s protagonist Sostrata perhaps proved much less entertaining than the boxers, the gladiators, and the tightrope-walkers that led the audience to leave the first two performances of Hecyra, one of his six comedies?

TERENCE // (PUBLIUS) TERENTIUS (AFER)

B1: Terence’s Hecyra, as well as four of his other plays, was adapted from the works of what Athenian New Comic?

MENANDER / MENANDROS

B2: Which play of Terence, the only not to be based on a work by Menander, centers on the love affairs of Phaedria and Antiphon?

PHORMIŌ


10. What meaning is shared by the deponent verbs populor and praedor, as well as the verbs vastō and spoliō, both of which have English derivatives?

(I / TO) {DESPOIL // RAVAGE / DEVASTATE / PLUNDER / PILLAGE / ROB // ACQUIRE LOOT // DESTROY // LAY WASTE} [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: What is the literal meaning of the adjective opīmus, as in the phrase spolia opīma?

FAT / RICH / SUMPTUOUS / PLUMP / FERTILE [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Excluding spolia, give a Latin synonym of praeda that chiefly is found in the plural.

EXUVIAE / MANUBIAE


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11. What man, whose father was unfairly executed after being sent to Africa to defeat the usurper Firmus, defeated the usurpers Arbogast and Eugenius at Frigidus River in 394 A.D., reuniting the empire for the last time?

THEODOSIUS {I // THE GREAT} [PROMPT ON “THEODOSIUS”]

B1: The death of Theodosius I’s father, Count Theodosius, was caused by the power struggle that ensued in 375 A.D. after the death of what western Roman emperor, the first in his dynastic line?

VALENTINIAN I [PROMPT ON “VALENTINIAN”]

B2: What cognōmen is shared by the emperor Theodosius’ second wife, who was the daughter of Valentinian I, and her daughter, who was the mother of Valentinian III?

GALLA


12. Described by Horace as “half of [his] soul,” or “animae dīmidium,” what author joined Varius Rufus in introducing Horace to the literary patron Maecenas, to whom he later dedicated his Georgics?

(PUBLIUS) VERGIL(IUS MARO) // VIRGIL

B1: Vergil, Plotius, and Varius are described as “the brightest spirits that the earth has borne” in Satire 1.5, in which Horace journeys to what port city, imitating Lucilius’ voyage to Sicily?

BRUNDISIUM / BRINDISI

B2: What type of poem is Horace’s Ode 1.3, in which he calls Vergil “animae dīmidium” and wishes the poet a safe sea-voyage to Greece?

PROPEMPTICON


13. What type of real-life animal provided the ultimate name and origin of Minos’ naval captain whom Theseus defeated, with its veneration by prehistoric Cretans also causing the tale that Pasiphaë coupled with one and saw its offspring placed in the Labyrinth?

BULL(S) / COW(S) / OX(EN)

B1: Prehistoric Cretans likely also venerated what type of animals as deities, as demonstrated by the story that one of them nourished the infant Zeus in a cave named for her species?

MOUNTAIN-GOAT(S) // (SHE-)GOAT(S) // (NANNY-)GOAT

B2: Prehistoric Cretans also venerated what other type of animals as deities, as demonstrated by the story that the goat-goddess Adrasteia had a father named Melisseus and a sister named Melissa who helped her nourish Zeus?

(HONEY)BEE(S)


14. What material was most commonly used to make a cippus, a stele, and the milliaria that stood at regular intervals along Roman roads, all three of which often bore sculpted inscriptions?

STONE

B1: A monumental inscription on stone that celebrates the achievements of what man — through words written by himself — survives on the wall of a mosque in Ankara?

AUGUSTUS / OCTAVIAN(US) // (GAIUS) OCTAVIUS

B2: Surviving Roman inscriptions are typically colorless, but this was not originally the case. What is the Latin name for the material — now often called cinnabar — that highlighted inscriptions’ letters in red?

MINIUM


15. Translate the following Ciceronian sentence into English: “difficile est dictū quantō in odiō sīmus.”

IT IS DIFFICULT TO SAY {IN HOW GREAT / MUCH HATE WE ARE // HOW MUCH WE ARE HATED} [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: What indeclinable noun meaning “an offense against divine law” or “sacrilege” can be used with an ablative supine?

NEFĀS

B2: Say in Latin using a supine: “It was difficult to know whether they had heard us or not.”

ERAT DIFFICILE SCĪTŪ (UTRUM) NŌS AUDĪ(VI)SSENT {ANNŌN / NECNE} [ACCEPT -NE ATTACHED TO NŌS or AUDĪ(VI)SSENT; PROMPT IF ANNŌN / NECNE IS NOT GIVEN; ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]


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16. Give the form of the Latin relative pronoun that completes the blanks in the following three sentences: tandem dux adest, [blank] fuit diū opus; tandem dux adest, [blank] diū fruēmur; tandem dux adest, in [blank] spērāmus.

QUŌ

B1: Translate this sentence, a slight variation on the second of those three: tandem dux adest, quō diū frūctī sumus.

{AT LAST // FINALLY} THE {GENERAL / LEADER} IS {PRESENT / HERE}, WHOM WE HAVE {LONG // FOR A LONG TIME} ENJOYED [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Archaic Latin often has strange ablative forms: for example, the form quī can replace quō, as in the word quīcum. Along these lines, what two-letter ending often stood in for the masculine, second-declension ablative ending “-ō” in archaic times?

-ŌD


17. What man exiled the pantomime actor Paris, called a council to decide how to cook a giant turbot-fish in a parodic poem, and was the last emperor profiled in Suetonius’ Twelve Caesars, where he calls himself dominus et deus?

DOMITIAN

B1: What biographic work, which includes an account of a governorship of Britain and a campaign to conquer its northern reaches, presents an explicit critique of Domitian’s despotism and cruelty?

(TACITUS’) AGRICOLA

B2: What author composed Dē Bellō Germānicō, a lost poem on the deeds of Domitian?

PAPINIUS STATIUS [PROMPT ON “STATIUS”]


18. After — as Ovid says — they had unsuccessfully tried a thousand homes, encountering only barred doors among the people of Phrygia, what two travelers finally found help in the modest home of Baucis and Philemon?

JUPITER and MERCURY [DO NOT ACCEPT OR PROMPT ON “ZEUS AND HERMES”]

B1: Baucis and Philemon received the gods into their home without knowing of their divinity. What miracle first revealed to them that something was awry? A description is fine.

(THEIR PITCHER / BOWL OF) WINE REFILLED ITSELF (OVER AND OVER) [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: In Ovid’s Metamorphōsēs, Lelex tells the story of Baucis and Philemon in the home of what river-god, who tells how his love caused both five nymphs to become the Echinades Islands and Perimele to become an island?

ACHELOÜS


19. Give the Latin noun that completes the blanks: “[blank] et praetereā nihil,” “[blank] populī, [blank] deī,” and “[blank] clāmantis in dēsertō.”

VŌX

B1: Knowing that obstupuī is the perfect of the verb obstupēscō, translate this line from the Aeneid, which describes Aeneas as he sees the ghost of Creusa: “obstupuī, steteruntque comae, et vōx faucibus haesit.”

{I WAS STUPIFIED / ASTOUNDED / SHOCKED / ASTONISHED / AMAZED / DUMBSTRUCK // I BECAME NUMB / STUPIFIED}, (AND) MY HAIR(S) STOOD (ON END), AND {THE / MY} VOICE {STUCK / CAUGHT} IN MY THROAT [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: What two-word Latin phrase featuring a form of vōx means “orally” or “by spoken word” and is especially used when referring to an examination?

VĪVĀ VŌCE


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20. What nōmen is shared between a man who dedicated the temple of Jupiter Capitolinus, a man who joined Lucius Valerius Potitus in passing plebeian-focused legislation in 449 B.C., and a man whom only Spurius Lartius and Titus Herminius helped defend the Pōns Sublicius?

HORĀTIUS

B1: Beyond the Valerio-Horatian laws, the gēns Valeria and gēns Horātia were closely intertwined throughout the early Republic, including when Marcus Horatius Pulvillus served as suffect consul in 509 B.C. alongside what important member of the gēns Valeria?

(PUBLIUS VALERIUS) PUBLICOLA / POPLICOLA

B2: A few scholars think that the story of Spurius Lartius, Titus Herminius, and Horatius Cocles on the Pōns Sublicius is symbolic, with each representing one of three Romulean tribes. Give the Latin names of these three tribes.

RAMNĒS / RAMNĒNSĒS, TITIĒS / TITIĒNSĒS, LŪCĒRĒS / LUCERENSĒS


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