Keartamen 3 (K3) - Preliminary Round 3

Moderator says: “I will read one test question for no points. This question is not reflective of the content of the round or tournament.”

0. What musician, who competes with Jack Malik in a song-writing contest in Moscow in the movie Yesterday, won a Grammy for the song “Thinking Out Loud” and broke records with “Castle on the Hill” and “Shape of You”?

(ED) SHEERAN

B1: What U.S.-born Irish actress, the lead in the 2017 film Lady Bird, stars alongside Sheeran in the music video for his song “Galway Girl”?

(SAOIRSE) RONAN

B2: What blind Italian tenor, the original performer of the song “Con Te Partirò,” collaborated with Sheeran on “Perfect Symphony,” a new version of Sheeran’s single “Perfect”?

(ANDREA) BOCELLI

Moderator says: “Subsequent questions will count for points. Good luck and have fun!”

1. What state’s motto, the only to be a line of hexameter, expresses a desire for “quiet peace under liberty” with the phrase “ēnse petit placidam sub lībertāte quiētem”?

MASSACHUSETTS [DO NOT PASTE THE TOSSUP DUE TO THE CONTENT OF BONUS 2]

B1: Now, knowing that lilia means “lilies,” translate the motto of Bordeaux, which is also a line of hexameter: lilia sola regunt lunam, undas, castra, leonem.¹

{THE LILIES ALONE // ONLY THE LILIES} RULE (OVER THE) MOON, (THE) WAVES, (THE) {CAMP(S) / CASTLE}, (AND THE) LION [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Now scan either the motto of Massachusetts, ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem, or the motto of Bordeaux, lilia sola regunt lunam, undas, castra, leonem.

DDSS(D{S / X / ANCEPS}) // DACTYL-DACTYL-SPONDEE-SPONDEE(-DACTYL-{SPONDEE / ANCEPS}) [AFTER THE TEAM ANSWERS, THE MODERATOR SHOULD NOTE TO PLAYERS THAT BOTH MOTTOES HAVE THE SAME SCANSION]

2. What man outmaneuvered a dummy accuser, Quintus Caecilius, in a process called dīvīnātiō after a group of aggrieved Sicilians asked him in 70 B.C. to prosecute their corrupt ex-governor, Gaius Verres?

(MARCUS TULLIUS) CICERO

B1: In the Dīvīnātiō in Quīntum Caecilium, Cicero chides what man, his great oratorical rival, for taking Verres as a client?

HORTENSIUS (HORTALUS)

B2: To which of the two main oratorical schools did Hortensius belong, in contrast to Cicero?

ASIATIC / ASIANIC

3. The foreign prince Coroebus was killed while trying to save what woman — his hoped-for wife — after she was dragged from Athena’s sanctuary at Troy by Ajax Oïleüs, just as her unheeded prophecies had foretold?

CASSANDRA

B1: Later in her life, what woman joined her adulterous lover in manufacturing the murder of Cassandra, despite Cassandra’s warnings?

CLYTEMNESTRA

B2: As the son of Mygdon, Coroebus was prince of what tribe and perhaps came to Troy to return a favor to Priam, who had fought alongside the tribe against the Amazons in his youth?

PHRYGIAN(S) [PROMPT ON “MYGDONIAN(S)”]

4. Note to players: Both the program and the name of its creator are required. What political program, secured by a newly created bodyguard of 10,000 freedmen called the Cornēliī, freed land for veterans of the First Mithridatic War and the Battle of the Colline Gate by posting lists of Romans to be killed for bounty?

PROSCRIPTIONS BY (LUCIUS CORNELIUS) SULLA (FELIX) [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS; PROMPT ON “PROSCRIPTIONS”]

B1: Sulla’s proscriptions primarily took place in what year B.C., when the Battle of the Colline Gate was fought?

82 (B.C.)

B2: After the Battle of the Colline Gate, Sulla’s rival Marius the Younger fled to what city, in which he committed suicide and which Sulla razed, replacing it with a military colony?

PRAENESTE / PALESTRINA

5. What tense is the verb form forētis — which can stand in for the form essētis — and any form that can be used to express the sense of “used to,” such as audiēbātis?

IMPERFECT (TENSE)

B1: For the irregular verb that means “prefer,” give the equivalent form of essētis.

MĀLLĒTIS

B2: For the deponent verb that means “await,” give the equivalent form of essētis.

OPPERĪRĒMINĪ

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6. Supposedly known personally by Cincius Alimentus and snatched up in a cloud by Minerva in Silius Italicus’ Pūnica, what enemy of Rome was termed by one author as dictātor Carthāginiēnsium?

HANNIBAL (BARCA)

B1: In modern scholarship, what English name is given to a historical work addressing a single subject, such as Coelius Antipater’s account of the Hannibalic War?

MONOGRAPH(S)

B2: What author presents Hannibal remarkably sympathetically in his Dē Excellentibus Ducibus Exterārum Gentium, part of a larger work that also includes a biography of Titus Pomponius Atticus?

(CORNELIUS) NEPOS

7. Note to players: This sentence will have an extra clue after the sentence is read for the second time. Translate the following sentence into Latin: “Protecting the fatherland is better than fleeing” — that’s “protecting the fatherland is better than fleeing.” Keep in mind that the first verb form must be an infinitive, which is grammatically neuter.

PATRIAM {(PRŌ)TEGERE / DĒFENDERE / CŪSTŌDĪRE / TUĒRĪ / SERVĀRE} MELIUS (EST) {QUAM (EX)FUGERE // (EX)FUGIENDŌ} [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Translate into Latin this line from Tennyson: “‘Tis better to have loved and lost / than never to have loved at all.”

{SATIUS / MELIUS} EST {AMĀ(VĪ)SSE ET / ATQUE ĀMĪSISSE / PERDIDISSE // AMĀ(VI)SSE ĀMĪSISSEQUE / PERDIDISSEQUE} QUAM {(OMNĪNŌ) NUMQUAM // OMNĪNŌ NŌN} AMĀ(VI)SSE [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Now translate this Ciceronian sentence into English: Quintus dēmēns ruere et post hunc furōrem nihil nisi caedem inimīcōrum cōgitāre.

{RAVING / MAD}, QUINTUS {WAS RUSHING (ABOUT) // RUSHED (ABOUT)} AND AFTER THIS {MADNESS / ANGER} HE {WAS THINKING ABOUT // THOUGHT ABOUT) NOTHING EXCEPT THE SLAUGHTER OF {HIS / THE} ENEMIES [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

8. What Roman deity, who is depicted in a Velázquez painting once displayed at Rokeby(“"ROAK-bee"”) House and a Titian(“"TISH-uhn"”) painting once owned by the Duke of Urbino, arrives in a seashell in a Botticelli painting after rising from the ocean’s foam?

VENUS

B1: Another painting by Titian shows Venus desperately clinging to what man as he readies himself and his dogs to hunt?

ADONIS

B2: What other painting by Botticelli depicts Venus standing in a blooming garden, with a blindfolded Cupid above her, as Zephyr chases the nymph Chloris to the canvas’ right?

(LA) PRIMAVERA // (ALLEGORY OF) SPRING

9. What god, who some stories say sailed with the Argonauts and blinded Phineus, fathered both Phineus’ wife Cleopatra and the twin winged sons who saved Phineus from the Harpies, Zetes and Calaïs?

BOREAS

B1: The connection between Boreas and Phineus was likely geographic, since they both lived in what wild region that bordered both the Black and Aegean Seas?

THRACE

B2: After Zetes and Calaïs returned from driving off the Harpies, the Argonauts departed and left Phineus partly in the care of what friend, who had sworn loyalty to Phineus after the seer explained why he always grew poorer no matter how hard he worked?

PARAEBIUS

10. What family, one of whose members had his fiancée stolen by Caligula during his wedding-ceremony, included a governor of Syria who likely poisoned Germanicus and a man who led a conspiracy against Nero in 65 A.D.?

PISO(S) // PĪSŌ(NĒS) // CALPURNIĪ PĪSŌNĒS [PROMPT ON “(GĒNS) CALPURNIA” or “CALPURNIĪ”]

B1: Name Germanicus’ widow, a granddaughter of Augustus, who returned to Rome with Germanicus’ ashes after his death.

AGRIPPINA {THE ELDER / MAIOR}[PROMPT ON “AGRIPPINA”]

B2: Which member of the Calpurniī Pīsōnēs was designated by Galba as his successor, causing Otho to revolt and have the Praetorian Guard kill both of them?

(LUCIUS CALPURNIUS PISO FRUGI) LICINIANUS

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11. What Silver-Age author was told to pardon defendants who swore loyalty to Rome’s gods — thereby apostatizing their faith — when he sought advice on judging Christians from the emperor Trajan in a letter later placed in his Epistulae?

PLINY THE YOUNGER [PROMPT ON “PLINY”]

B1: In which book of the Epistulae, the work’s last, is Pliny’s correspondence with Trajan found?

TEN / TENTH

B2: Pliny’s political career culminated with his governorship of Bithynia, where he presided over the trials of Christians. He had also earlier served as the superintendent of what aspect of the city of Rome just after prefecting the public and military funds?

(BANKS OF THE RIVER) TIBER (AND THE CITY SEWERS)

12. What two Latin words lie at the ultimate root of the segment of the small intestine called the “duodenum” — which translates a Greek word that gives us “dodecahedron” — and the word “dozen”?

DUO and DECEM

B1: What is the meaning of the Latin adjective ieiūnus, which lies at the root of the second portion of the small intestine, “jejunum”?

HUNGRY / FASTING [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: What is the meaning of the Latin noun ilia, which lies at the root of the third portion of the small intestine, “ileum”?

GUTS / INNARDS / GROIN / FLANKS [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

13. In the Aeneid, what type of objects provide the impetus for Cymothoë’s sole appearance, are miraculously transformed into a pack of nymphs by the goddess Cybele, and are burned in Sicily when the Trojan women try to avoid leaving the island?

(AENEAS’) SHIP(S) / BOAT(S) [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: In Book 5 of the Aeneid, what man falls overboard after being selected as the “one life [that] will be given for many,” allowing the other sailors safe passage to Italy?

PALINURUS

B2: The Trojan women burn the ships in Sicily, where they are hosted by Acestes. While there, the Trojans sacrifice to what renowned boxer, an early king of the region for whom Acestes’ mountain and city are named?

ERYX

14. Note to players: This question will have more than one clue. Differentiate in meaning between the verbs metō and metuō. Keep in mind both that metō can be synonymous agriculturally with carpō and that metuō can be synonymous with timeō.

(TO / I) REAP / HARVEST / PLUCK / PICK / CROP / MOW and (TO / I) FEAR [RESPECTIVELY; ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: What is the meaning of the deponent verb metior?

(I / TO) {MEASURE / ESTIMATE}

B2: What is the third principal part of the verb metō?

MESSUĪ

15. What ruler, who survived an assassination attempt engineered by the eunuch Chrysaphius, received a papal embassy outside of Rome’s walls from Leo I that convinced him to withdraw his Huns from the city?

ATTILA (THE HUN)

B1: Name both the Roman emperor who ruled the West during Attila’s invasion and the great general who fought Attila to a draw on the Catalaunian Plains, but was executed three years later by the emperor.

VALENTINIAN III and (FLAVIUS) AETIUS

B2: Also present on the Roman side at the Catalaunian Plains was what Visigothic ruler, who died during the battle?

{THEODORIC / THEODERIC} (I)

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16. In what work is a clumsy poem on the capture of Troy delivered by Eumolpus, a poetaster who falls in love with the enslaved youth Giton, much to the dismay of the novel’s protagonist, Encolpius?

(PETRONIUS’) SATȲRICŌN (LIBER) // (PETRONIUS’) SATȲRICA

B1: Some think that Eumolpus’ bad poem on the capture of Troy parodies what emperor, under whom Petronius worked and who wrote a poem on the Trojan War with Paris as the central hero?

NERO

B2: Eumolpus’ low-grade poetry recalls the shoddy argumentation of what rhetoric professor, with whom Encolpius debates the decline of oratory at the start of the work?

AGAMEMNON

17. Note to players: There will be another clue after the sentence is read for a second time. Identify the grammatical error in the Latin sentence “classēs summā celeritāte in Alexandrīam nāvigāvērunt ut bellum gererent” — that’s “classēs summā celeritāte in Alexandrīam nāvigāvērunt ut bellum gererent.” Know that a similar error is found in the sentence “Caesar mox profectus est ad Rōmam.”

(WITH ACCUSATIVE OF MOTION TOWARDS) NO PREPOSITION REQUIRED {FOR “(IN) ALEXANDRĪAM” // WITH NAMES OF CITIES (AND TOWNS AND SMALL ISLANDS)} // SHOULD JUST BE ALEXANDRĪAM // THERE SHOULD BE NO IN[ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B1: Quintilian says that using “in Alexandrīam” in this manner is a common Roman error. He also says that words like Aegyptus are sometimes incorrectly used in the opposite way, without a preposition. Translate this pertinent sentence from Cicero’s Dē Nātūrā Deōrum, keeping in mind that interēmisse is synonymous with interfēcisse: Mercurius Argum dīcitur interēmisse ob eamque causam Aegyptum profūgisse.

MERCURY IS SAID TO HAVE KILLED ARGUS AND {ON ACCOUNT OF THIS (REASON) // BECAUSE OF THIS (REASON)} TO HAVE FLED TO EGYPT [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: Quintilian also notes that Vergil used the Latin word cortex in two different genders, but hesitates to say it is an error, because it is Vergil. What is the meaning of the Latin word cortex?

(TREE) BARK // RIND / SHELL / HULL / COVERING[PROMPT ON “CORTEX”]

18. What type of animal proved unaffected by a plague that Hera sent upon the creatures of Aegina, allowing Zeus to answer Aeacus’ prayers by transforming them into men that were thereafter called “Myrmidons”?

ANT(S)

B1: The island of Aegina was named after Aeacus’ mother, who had been abducted by Zeus and brought to the island. Her father, Asopus, consequently bribed what ruler to tell him who had stolen his daughter?

SISYPHUS

B2: Name Aeacus’ wife, whom he married after successfully arbitrating between Nisus and her father, Sceiron, over the rule of Megara.

ENDEÏS

19. What Latin singular noun is the “l.” in the abbreviation “l.s.”, lies at the root of the words “couch” and “lieutenant,” and can become neuter in the plural to mean “regions,” drawing on its meaning of “place”?

LOCUS

B1: What is the meaning of the Latin legal phrase “locus dēlictī”?

SCENE / PLACE OF THE CRIME [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

B2: What three things does the title page of a book labeled with the abbreviation s.l.a.n. fail to provide? Please answer in English.

PLACE (OF PUBLICATION), YEAR / DATE (OF PUBLICATION), and {NAME (OF AUTHOR) // (NAME OF) AUTHOR} [ACCEPT EQUIVALENTS]

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20. What man had a gentle, calm demeanor that earned him the nickname “Ovicula,” a wart on his upper lip that earned him the nickname “Verrūcōsus,” and a love for delaying tactics that gave him the nickname “Cūnctātor”?

(QUINTUS) FABIUS MAXIMUS (CUNCTATOR VERRUCOSUS)

B1: According to tradition, the Romans also compared Fabius to what type of object, in contrast to Marcellus?

{SHIELD / BUCKLER} (OF ROME)

B2: A few years after Marcellus’ sack of Syracuse, Fabius re-captured what city and quipped that its governor — who had shamelessly claimed credit — was indeed owed commendation, because “if [he] had never lost it, I could not have retaken it!”?

TARENTUM / TARANTO

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¹ Dante Minutillo wrote this bonus and contributed to the following bonus.